How The Internet Works Essay - 2437 Words

How The Internet Works What is the Internet? The Internet is a world-wide network of computers. It is an Information Superhighway that carries traffic to and from a collection of servers-- remote computers that handle requests for data and information, much like the waiter in a restaurant that takes orders for food. This collection of servers distributed all over the world and is called the World Wide Web (WWW). Servers respond to clients-- computers that request information, much like a customer in a restaurant orders food from the waiter. You click links to text, pictures, music, or video located on these servers. In addition, you can play the selected files on your local client PC, workstation, or terminal, as well as, links to†¦show more content†¦Companies may use a dedicated communications link connection, such as an ISDN-- telephone company land-lines or On Ramp-- a utility to connect to an ISP or the main link (backbone) of the telecommunications carrier. The dedicated line allows you to connect to an ISP or the main link (backbone) of their telecommunications carrier. Mobile: Mobile users can connect to the Internet through mobile phones or via satellite using a portable satellite transceiver. This section has provided an analysis of the physical means to transfer data. Now that we know the physical means to transfer data, the next section discusses the physical requirements for the Internet to work. What is Required for the Internet to Work? The following physical requirements are needed for the Internet to work: Ø Clients Ø Servers Ø Routers Ø Packets Clients: Clients communicate with a WWW server using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Thus, when you select a WWW link, the client looks up the hostname and makes a connection with the WWW server. Then the HTTP software on the server responds to the clients request and the client and the server close the connection. Servers: For applications to work, there must be computers to provide e-mail and Web services. Servers run server applications that store and transmit e-mail messages, as well as distribute Web page content. Other servers provide additional support services such as identification of computers by name,Show MoreRelatedHow the Internet Works618 Words   |  2 PagesIn 1989, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, an Internet-based hypermedia initiative for global information sharing while at CERN. Sir Tim Berners-Lee is the reason you’re reading this story in a web browser, complete with hypertext and an internet address that looks like this: http://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2012/06/sir-tim-berners-lee/. But you weren’t supposed to see the address. In building the first web browser at Switzerland’s CERN nuclear research lab in the early ’90s, theRead More An Explanation of How the Internet Works Essay814 Words   |  4 PagesAn Explanation of How the Internet Works Have you ever thought how the Internet works? The research found here will help answer that question. The Internet is a complicated system. There are two main protocols that the Internet uses that allow you to transmit and there are certain procedures that allow you to receive information via the Internet. The Internet is very large and many things have to work correctly for information to get to your computer or to get from your computer to someoneRead More The Internet: How it Works and How it Effects the World Essay1733 Words   |  7 PagesThe Internet: How it Works and How it Effects the World Many people do not understand what the Internet is the power that it has over the world. The Internet is an extraordinary learning and entertainment tool that, when used properly, can significantly enhance a users ability to gather information. Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) started the Internet. It was a project under taken by the Department Of Defense (DOD) in 1969. It started as an experiment to link togetherRead MoreHow e-mail and Internet Technology Works919 Words   |  4 PagesInternet – How email works How this technology works. The whole point of email is to get your message to somebody in the quickest way possible. Instead of writing with a pen and paper you type off your keyboard for your email to be composed in an email programme on your computer, such as yahoo. Once you have typed your email you make sure you have put the address to the person you are sending the email to and press send. Your email transports like a postal service (letters and parcels), emailRead MoreTask 2 New Formart 3 9 2015 Essay1574 Words   |  7 PagesThe  potential  technological  solution:  Digital  Subscriber  Line  as  a  technology  solution,   this  technology  works  by  transmitting  digital  Internet  data  over  telephone  lines.  Ã‚   b) Its  use:  This  technology  uses  the  same  telephone  line  to  deliver  both  the  wired  voice   telephone  service  and  High  speed  Internet  service  simultaneously.   c) Its  application  to  the  given  scenario:  The  website  provides  an  overview  of  how  Digital   subscriber  line  can  be  used  to  supply  high  speed  internet  using  landline  telephone  wiring   and  all  NHS  facilities  are  witRead MoreThe Internet And Its Effect On Education1642 Words   |  7 PagesThe internet is a global communication network that connects most computers and digital devices together to exchange information. Internet access has changed the process of learning in many ways. Some may ask if the access to the internet diminishes the quality of education in what high school students receive? While some studies have shown that the increase of internet usage has led to shortened attention span in today’s youth. The excess use of the internet can create more opportunities for studentsRead MoreThe Impact Of Internet On Education1517 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impacts of Internet on Education The Internet is modern technologies that people just invented in recent decades. Since computers became more popular in the 1980s, the Internet was followed and was created in the 1990s. The invention of this technology affects everyone in many countries. It is changing how people live, how people entertain, how people communicate, and especially how people educate. In addition, in recent years, the Internet is improving very quickly, and the colleges and universitiesRead MoreUser Side Influences On Website Performance1132 Words   |  5 Pagesneed to look at to entirely clarify how the user has an influence on how good a website does but there are also a few other reasons that users sometimes can’t actually help and simply have to put up with which will all be described in due course. The four key user side impacts on website performance as connection speed is involved Server Side Bandwidth Bandwidth is the quantity of data traffic which can be downloaded from a website per second. The data traffic works like any usual traffic, if they areRead MoreRole Internet Marketing1165 Words   |  5 PagesLevel 3 Unit Unit 12 Internet Marketing in Business Assignment Title Marketing Online Issue Date Monday 10th March Hand In Date Friday 30th May Students Name Class Lecturer Neil Gow Assessment Criteria achieved P1 M1 D1 P2 M2 P3 P4 P5 P6 Learning Outcomes 1. Know what role internet marketing has within a modern marketing context 2. Understand the benefits of internet marketing to customers 3Read MoreTeenagers And Teenagers777 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"I see. Do you know how to do the homework?† â€Å"Sorry no. Just use the internet to look up how to find the answers.† â€Å"Sure. Thanks.† Teens spend most of their time on the internet doing whatever they like. For instance, they spend most of their time on social media with friends or themselves. However, others use social media to interact with others about the work on school or the job they’re in. Several others use the web to look up the answers from homework or how to find the answers to

Skinners Operant Conditioning Theory Essay - 658 Words

Skinners Operant Conditioning Theory B.F Skinner (1904-1990), an American psychologist who was the leading exponent of the school of psychology know as behaviourism, maintained the idea that learning is a result of any change in overt behaviour. Changes in behaviour are determined by the way an individual responds to events (stimuli) in the environment. Skinner described this phenomenon as operant conditioning. Action on part of the learner is called a response. When a desired stimulus-response pattern is reinforced (rewarded), the individual is conditioned to respond in a certain way, and learning takes place. Reinforcement is a vital element in Skinners Stimulus-Response Theory. A reinforcer is†¦show more content†¦Skinner proposes two types of reinforcement that increase the likelihood of a response occurring: positive, and negative. Positive reinforcement (reward) involves a positive consequence of behaviour. In contrast, a negative reinforcement (Relief) involves a behaviour that results in the eliminat ion or prevention of a negative outcome. (Lefrancois, 1995). Punishment Like reinforcement, punishment can also determine the probability of whether behaviour will occur again. There are two types of punishment. One can be termed negative punishment, and involves the cessation of a positive event as a result of responding (Kentridge, 1995). For example, a reprimanded for bad behaviour. The other can be termed punishment, and involves a negative or aversive event in relation to responding (Kentridge, 1995). For example, receiving a fine for exceeding the speed limit. Punishment tends to suppress behaviour rather than strengthen. Reinforcement Schedules Studies of Reinforcement Schedules identify the various ways in which the environment makes reinforcement determine how we behave. There are four basic schedules that produce different response patterns: Fixed-Ratio (FR)Show MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Operant Conditioning And The Skinner Box1707 Words   |  7 PagesThere have been many famous individuals who have contributed to education. BF Skinner, William Glasser, John Dewey, and Lev Vygotski are four notorious men in the history and impact of education. Bf Skinner (1904) was a behaviorist who his most widely known for his theory of operant conditioning and the Skinner box. His created this theory to study human behavior. Operant conditioning includes positive and negative reinforcement as well as positive and negative punishment. Positive reinforcementRead MoreSkinner s Theory Of Operant Conditioning Essay860 Words   |  4 Pages Burrhus Frederic (B. F.) Skinner, an American behavioral psychologist who believed the idea th at human free will was an illusion and any human action was the result of the consequences of that same action, developed an experiment to verify if superstition was present in pigeons. Skinner’s beliefs led him to conduct this research experiment which ultimately declared him as one of the top psychologists of his era. Skinner believed that the best way to understand behavior was to look at the causesRead MoreF. Skinner s Operant Conditioning Theory1356 Words   |  6 PagesBurrhus F. Skinner or more commonly known as B. F. Skinner is regarded as one of the most influential psychologists in the world by his peers. In comparison to other behaviorist Skinners approach was referred to as radical behaviorism. Behaviorist search to find answers to how humans behave through observations in the environment not in the mind (Conversation 1973). Specifically, B. F. Skinner was not interested in theories that involve speculation, but more importantly theories that could be provenRead MoreThe Theory of Operant Conditioning1136 Words   |  5 Pages The Theory of Operant Conditioning PSY390 October 6, 2014 Introduction The study of human behavior by psychologists such as B.F. Skinner, Edward Thorndike, Ivan Pavlov, and Watson is fascinating. These five psychologists each have different theories on human behavior. There are similarities and differences in each of the theories. Ivan Pavlov’s classical conditioning theory, studied animals and formed the basis for behavioral psychology (Cherry, 2013). Edward Thorndike’s theory of connectionismRead MoreThe Theory Of Behaviorism And Operant Conditioning895 Words   |  4 Pages B.F Skinner Renowned American psychologist B.F. Skinner, well known for his theory on behaviorism and operant conditioning. He was the most influential 20th - century psychologist. His works includes â€Å"The Behavior of Organisms† (1938) which was about the results in his experiment with operant conditioning, and a novel based on his theories â€Å"Walden† (1948). He was not only a psychologist he was a behaviorist, teacher, author, inventor, and a social philosopher as well. Born as Burrhus FredericRead MoreEssay on The Comparison of Sigmund Freud and B.F. Skinner892 Words   |  4 PagesThe Comparison of Sigmund Freud and B.F. Skinner One name that jumps out at the mention of psychology, or the study there of, is the name of Sigmund Freud. Sigmund Freud is also known as the â€Å"Father of Psychoanalysis.† Freud was also known for having the tendency to trace nearly all psychological problems back to sexual issues. Although only parts of his theory of psychosexual development are still accepted by mainstream psychologists, Freuds theory of the Oedipal Complex has become a culturalRead MoreWatson, Skinner and Tolman Essay1627 Words   |  7 Pages Watson, B.F. Skinner, and Edward Tolman are a vital part of that journey transcending from the 19th century to what is now known as â€Å"modern day psychology† in 2012. In this succinct writing the contributions of each man will be revealed and deliberation to define their difference shall be incorporated herein. Although, each psychologist has commonalities in their perspectives, there is also a form of dissemination among them based on their theories and perspectives. Each theory and concept isRead MoreOperant Conditioning And Its Effect On Behavior1380 Words   |  6 PagesOperant conditioning refers to the method of learning to occur through rewards and punishment for behavior (Staddon Cerutti 2002). In the operant condition, an association occurs between the behavior and the consequences of the behavior. Behaviorist B.F Skinner coined operant conditioning, and that is why some refer to it as Skinnerian conditioning. Skinner started studying operant conditioning in the late 1920s when he was a graduate student at Harvard University. As a behaviorist B.F SkinnerRead MoreThe Theory Of Behaviorism Operant Conditioning993 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract Behaviorism takes on many forms, B.F. Skinner liked to call his form of behaviorism Operant Conditioning. He would rather study observable behavior rather than internal mental events. He felt that was the best way to see how one may react to a particular stimuli and how one would handle the situation. Skinner believed that if a behavior is reinforced the behavior will continue. This had a two sided effect. If the bad behavior was reinforced the bad behavior would continue. Such as the goodRead MoreEssay Operant Conditioning1743 Words   |  7 Pages Classical conditioning is a method used in behavioral studies. It is known as classical because it is the first study of laws of learning/conditioning, It is a learned reaction that you do when evoked by a stimulus. Ivan Pavlov was the scientist who discovered classical conditioning. Ivan Pavlov was born in Russia. He lived from 1849 - 1936 . Pavlov’s field of study was physiology and natural science. One of Pavlov’s discoveries was the conditioning of dogs. While working with

Anne Frank Essay Prompts Example For Students

Anne Frank Essay Prompts The setting for The Diary of Anne Frank is in a Secret Annexe in Amsterdam, Holland. Anne and her family are not the only people that are hiding in the Secret Annexe, the Van Daans live with them also. Anne draws a map in the book to show you a layout of the Secret Annexe. Its pretty large, although with eight people living there, its quite crowded. The plot for the story was for Anne and her family to hide from the Germans until the war was over. Hiding was hard for the Franks and Van Daans since they had to be extremely quiet when using things and living in the Secret Annexe. Those families hid there for 25 months. The theme for The Diary of Anne Frank is to never lose hope, be patient, and be brave. Anne was very brave to give up her freedom and contact with friends and most family members to save her life. She never lost hope that the war would end either. She was also very patient to share a hiding place with seven other people. They used budgies that have bright yellow and fluorescent feathers on their crowns and cheeks. Some of the birds got a coating of sunscreen to block the ultraviolet reflections, while others got simple petroleum jelly. Both male and female budgies were much more likely to flirt with members of the opposite sex whose alluring radiance was not blunted by the sunscreen, the researchers report in Fridays issue of the journal Science. The fluorescent colors are expensive, biologically speaking, to produce, so could be a good pointer for picking the fittest possible mate, Arnolds team wrote. Fluorescence Makes for a Pretty Bird, Study FindsWASHINGTON (Reuters) Brightly colored feathers and clever mimicry make parrots appealing to people, but it takes a genuinely sexy glow to get other parrots excited, researchers said on Thursday. The research, done by British and Australian researchers, show the birds look to fluorescent feathers when choosing mates. Kathryn Arnold of the University of Glasgow in Scotland and colleagues at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia studied budgerigars, or budgies, a type of parakeet. Birds are known to be able to see fluorescence in daylight, unlike humans, who need a little extra boost from an ultraviolet light to see the glowing wavelengths. Arnolds team tested the theory that birds may use both kinds of color in their mating. They used budgies that have bright yellow and fluorescent feathers on their crowns and cheeks. Some of the birds got a coating of sunscreen to block the ultraviolet reflections, while others got simple petroleum jelly. Both male and female budgies were much more likely to flirt with members of the opposite sex whose alluring radiance was not blunted by the sunscreen, the researchers report in Fridays issue of the journal Science. The fluorescent colors are expensive, biologically speaking, to produce, so could be a good pointer for picking the fittest possible mate, Arnolds team wrote. Fluorescence Makes for a Pretty Bird, Study FindsWASHINGTON (Reuters) Brightly colored feathers and clever mimicry make parrots appealing to people, but it takes a genuinely sexy glow to get other parrots excited, researchers said on Thursday. The research, done by British and Australian researchers, show the birds look to fluorescent feathers when choosing mates. Kathryn Arnold of the University of Glasgow in Scotland and colleagues at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia studied budgerigars, or budgies, a type of parakeet. Birds are known to be able to see fluorescence in daylight, unlike humans, who need a little extra boost from an ultraviolet light to see the glowing wavelengths. Arnolds team tested the theory that birds may use both kinds of color in their mating. They used budgies that have bright yellow and fluorescent feathers on their crowns and cheeks. Some of the birds got a coating of sunscreen to block the ultraviolet reflections, while others got simple petroleum jelly. .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d , .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d .postImageUrl , .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d , .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d:hover , .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d:visited , .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d:active { border:0!important; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d:active , .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf6d803d8a13c18d323679fd0c65b367d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Allen Ginsberg and HOWL: Analysis and Response Essay Both male and female budgies were much more likely to flirt with members of the opposite sex whose alluring radiance was not blunted by the sunscreen, the researchers report in Fridays issue of the journal Science. The fluorescent colors are expensive, biologically speaking, to produce, so could be a good pointer for picking the fittest possible mate, Arnolds team wrote.

ROWE program at best buy Essays - Human Resource Management, ROWE

ROWE Program at Best Buy Payne 1 1.Describe the culture of Best Buy. Best Buy culture has changed tremendously. The company?s culture was once to embrace long hours and sacrifice, now the culture is more relaxed. The employees are now really able to run their own schedule as well as their own work progress. Before the ROWE program was introduces to the Best Buy employees would have to work until they found a solution. That means staying at work all night and day if the job or situation requires it. For example the book talks about one employee that was given a plaque for staying up and at work for three days to right a report that was due. He made a sacrifice for his job that made him end up in the hospital. The ROWE program which stands for Results-Only Work Environment program is a way that employees can still work whether in the office, at home, or coffee shop as long as they finish the job. This program has changed the culture of Best Buy as well as the performance. Although this program has not been introduce to the retail store I would love to see it happen. As a current worker of the Best Buy retail store in Memphis, TN I see that being very hard to adjust quickly in retail store because mainly we are there for the customers. Although I can say the ROWE program is a good idea but the rules and principles are very lenient. One of the principles that I have to question is ?As long as the work gets done, employees do whatever they want whenever they want?. That is one principle that may not be suitable because that gives the employee too much time on their hands. The culture is more adjust and the employees don?t feel pressure about trying to balance work Payne 2 and home. The employees feel more ownership of the job and see this program as one of the benefits they have working with Best Buy. 2.Discuss the approach to organizational change that the ROWE program had to overcome. The change that the ROWE program had to overcome was performances. It also had to overcome change. Although the transition did start out slow it later progressed. Everyone had their different thought about different things that made their performance a little sluggish. Buy starting out slow everything suddenly started to fall in place. So there is no certain way a day is going to go everyday may be different. It even went as far as all the employees had to do is leave messages saying that they were out and how to get in touch with them if they are needed. Now business is conducted by cellular phones within the company. It is the same meetings it is just not done with everyone in the office. Business is taken care of just in a different way from how it was usually done. The book stated that the transition required a lot of changing of old attitudes and it produced a lot of stress. Once employees went through training for the program they seemed to realize that they had given up a lot for the job and it wasn?t worth it. The hourly managers did not like the fact of the ROWE program. 3.Discuss the resistance, both organizational and individual, that the ROWE program had to overcome. The fight that the ROWE program had to overcome was accepting responsibility. Individual each person had to deal with their own battles. Managers had to overcome the fact that their employees felt stressed out, but since the ROWE program these employees Payne 3 have more control over their work schedule. It also gives a person a better chance to get to know their employees. Organizational wise departments such as Best buy legal department do not agree with the ROWE program. They were worried about how it would affect their job and their pay. They are paid based on their performance so f they are not in the office to perform the job it can affect their pay if they don?t serve their clients. 4.Discuss the sources of stress that are apparent in the case. There is stress coming from all different sources